Nuclei chapter mein nuclear size, binding energy aur fission-fusion aate hain. Yahan aapko is chapter ke sabse important formulas aur quick revision points free milte hain — NCERT/CBSE syllabus ke hisaab se, boards aur JEE/NEET dono ke liye.
Important Formulas & Concepts — Nuclei
- R = R₀A^(1/3); R₀ = 1.2 fm
- Mass defect: Δm = [Zm_p + (A−Z)m_n] − M_nucleus
- Binding energy: BE = Δm × 931.5 MeV
- BE per nucleon curve: Fe-56 peak (~8.8 MeV)
- 1 u = 931.5 MeV/c²
- Fission: U-235 + n → fragments + 2-3n + ~200 MeV
- Fusion: 4H → He + energy (sun ka source)
- Nuclear density constant (~2.3 × 10¹⁷ kg/m³) — A par depend nahi
Quick Revision Points
- BE/A curve se fission-fusion dono explain hote hain
- Middle-mass nuclei sabse stable
- Fusion ko high temperature chahiye (Coulomb barrier)
- Nuclear density sab nuclei ki same hoti hai
- Radioactivity ab rationalised syllabus mein limited hai — latest syllabus check karo
📘 Complete Visual Notes + Formula Sheet PDF
Ye sirf ek quick preview hai. Pura chapter — colour-coded mind-maps, saare derivations, solved formula sheet — instant PDF download.
FAQ
BE/A curve kyun important hai?
Isi se explain hota hai fission aur fusion dono mein energy kyun release hoti hai — boards ka favourite theory question.
Numericals kaise aate hain?
Mass defect → BE conversion (× 931.5) — PDF mein steps ke saath solved hai.
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