Potential and Capacitance mein electric potential, equipotential surfaces aur capacitors ke combinations aate hain. Yahan aapko is chapter ke sabse important formulas aur quick revision points free milte hain — NCERT/CBSE syllabus ke hisaab se, boards aur JEE/NEET dono ke liye.
Important Formulas & Concepts — Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
- V = kQ/r; W = qΔV
- Dipole: V = kp·cosθ/r²
- U (system of charges) = kq₁q₂/r
- E = −dV/dr
- C = Q/V; parallel plate: C = ε₀A/d
- Dielectric: C′ = KC
- Series: 1/C = 1/C₁ + 1/C₂; Parallel: C = C₁ + C₂
- Energy: U = ½CV² = Q²/2C = ½QV
Quick Revision Points
- Equipotential surface par work zero hota hai
- Battery connected → V constant; isolated → Q constant (dielectric problems)
- Series mein Q same, parallel mein V same
- Capacitors ke redistribution mein energy loss hota hai
- Van de Graaff generator ka principle: charge hamesha bahar
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FAQ
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