Organic Chemistry — Basic Principles and Techniques Class 11 Chemistry Notes – Formulas & Quick Revision

GOC (General Organic Chemistry) poori Organic ka foundation hai — IUPAC naming, electronic effects aur reaction intermediates yahan cover hote hain. Yahan aapko is chapter ke sabse important formulas aur quick revision points free milte hain — NCERT/CBSE syllabus ke hisaab se, boards aur JEE/NEET dono ke liye.

Important Formulas & Concepts — Organic Chemistry — Basic Principles and Techniques

• IUPAC: longest chain → lowest locant → prefix alphabetical order
• Inductive effect: −I (NO₂, CN, X) vs +I (alkyl groups)
• Resonance/Mesomeric: +M (OH, NH₂, OR) vs −M (NO₂, CHO, COOH)
• Hyperconjugation: alpha-H jitne zyada, carbocation utna stable
• Carbocation stability: 3° > 2° > 1° > CH₃⁺
• Carbanion stability: CH₃⁻ > 1° > 2° > 3° (ulta)
• Free radical stability: 3° > 2° > 1°
• Homolytic → radicals; heterolytic → ions

Quick Revision Points

• Electrophile electron-deficient (attack karta hai electron-rich par); nucleophile electron-rich
• Stability order ke questions har exam mein aate hain
• Resonance mein conjugation zaroori hai (alternate single-double bonds ya lone pair)
• Aromatic: planar + cyclic + (4n+2)π electrons (Huckel rule)
• GOC weak to poori Organic weak — isse sabse pehle strong karo

FAQ

GOC kitna important hai?

Sabse zyada — hydrocarbons se lekar Class 12 ki saari organic reactions GOC par hi chalti hain.

Notes mein kya visual hai?

Effects ka comparison chart, stability orders ke colour-coded maps aur naming ke solved examples.

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