Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Class 11 Chemistry Notes – Formulas & Quick Revision

Chemical Bonding Chemistry ka sabse important chapter hai — VSEPR, hybridisation, MOT aur hydrogen bonding sab yahan hai. Yahan aapko is chapter ke sabse important formulas aur quick revision points free milte hain — NCERT/CBSE syllabus ke hisaab se, boards aur JEE/NEET dono ke liye.

Important Formulas & Concepts — Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

• Formal charge = V − L − B/2
• Bond order (MOT) = (Nb − Na)/2
• Hybridisation: H = ½[V + M − C + A]
• sp linear 180°, sp² trigonal 120°, sp³ tetrahedral 109.5°
• sp³d TBP, sp³d² octahedral, sp³d³ pentagonal bipyramidal
• Dipole moment μ = q × d (Debye)
• O₂ bond order 2 (paramagnetic); N₂ bond order 3 (diamagnetic)
• Fajans rules: chhota cation + bada anion = zyada covalent character

Quick Revision Points

• VSEPR: lone pairs bond angle ko compress karte hain (CH₄ 109.5° > NH₃ 107° > H₂O 104.5°)
• MOT se O₂ paramagnetic — classic question
• Hydrogen bonding: N, O, F ke saath hi
• BF₃ nonpolar (symmetric) par NH₃ polar
• Resonance structures mein sirf electrons move hote hain, atoms nahi

FAQ

Hybridisation jaldi kaise nikalu?

H = ½[V+M−C+A] formula + PDF ka shortcut chart — 5 second mein answer.

MOT diagrams zaroori hain?

JEE ke liye haan — O₂, N₂, F₂ ke MO diagrams PDF mein ready-made visual hain.

Explore more: free sample notes, free calculators aur interactive simulators.