Thermal Properties mein temperature scales, thermal expansion, calorimetry aur heat transfer ke modes aate hain. Yahan aapko is chapter ke sabse important formulas aur quick revision points free milte hain — NCERT/CBSE syllabus ke hisaab se, boards aur JEE/NEET dono ke liye.
Important Formulas & Concepts — Thermal Properties of Matter
- C/5 = (F−32)/9 = (K−273.15)/5
- Linear expansion: ΔL = LαΔT; β = 2α; γ = 3α
- Heat: Q = mcΔT; latent heat: Q = mL
- Calorimetry: heat lost = heat gained
- Conduction: Q/t = kAΔT/L
- Stefan law: E = σT⁴; Wien law: λ_max·T = constant
- Newton law of cooling: dT/dt ∝ (T − T₀)
- Water ka anomalous expansion: 4°C par density maximum
Quick Revision Points
- Ice → water conversion mein temperature constant rehta hai (latent heat)
- Conduction solids mein, convection fluids mein, radiation ko medium nahi chahiye
- Black body best absorber + best emitter hota hai
- Pendulum clock summer mein slow ho jati hai
- Calorimetry numericals mein phase change ka latent heat mat bhoolna
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FAQ
Ye chapter NEET mein aata hai?
Haan — calorimetry aur Newton law of cooling NEET favourites hain.
Kya heat transfer ke teeno modes covered hain?
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